Plan bit rotation, feed direction and clamp clearance on the actual workpiece. A clean test cut does not prove that the production piece remains supported through its final corner.
This is reference content written and revised with AI. It has not been verified or approved by a professional. Review by a suitably qualified professional and required site authorization are necessary before use.
Stop conditions first
Hold for uncertain bit speed/collet fit, insecure work, inadequate base support or clamp interference. Stop for self-feeding, a moving guide, loosening bit, vibration or burning; separate power before adjusting.
1. US legal and technical basis
General-industry woodworking: OSHA 1910.243(a)(2) addresses handheld tool controls, including router control options; it does not require every router to have a dead-man switch. Construction work needs a separate 1926.300/302 analysis. Manufacturer cutting and mounting limits are equipment-specific.
| Reference | Use and limit |
|---|---|
| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.243 | Paragraph (a)(2)(iii) permits specified router on/off controls; verify appropriate tool/electrical/guarding requirements for the actual work. |
| Bosch US 1617/1618 router instructions | Document 2610051825, May 2018, selected English handheld safety, collet, two-hand control and feeding passages. Historical model example linked by current US product page; table-router sections are outside this scope. |
| OSHA State Plans | Federal baseline and State Plan coverage reviewed. Confirm the applicable state program and employer coverage; this edition does not establish nationwide compliance. |
Determine whether Federal OSHA or an applicable State Plan governs the employer and work. Standards incorporated into a regulation must be read in their legally applicable edition. Other NFPA/ANSI guidance and manufacturer instructions have distinct roles; they are not automatically federal law.
2. Scope and required inputs
Included
Form external edges of securely clamped wood using a two-handled portable router, suitable bit/collet and a compatible guide with continuous base support.
Separate assessment
Router tables, CNC, plunge slots, metal/stone cutting, hand-held workpieces and electrical/spindle repair are excluded.
| Input | Evidence needed |
|---|---|
| Match wood and cutter | Material/cut line; Bit and model data; Defect/metal check; Cut limits |
| Isolate and mount | Power-separated state; Bit/collet fit; Condition/secure mounting; Instruction reference |
| Set and start | Setting basis/locks; Start position; Stop control/capture; Bit/work clearance |
| Clean and transfer | Tool/chip recovery; Bit and power state; Material-specific settings; Restrictions and receiver |
Selected public official provisions were checked on October 12, 2026. This is not a complete legal audit. No actual equipment manual, site measurements, engineering calculations, product certification or professional technical approval was supplied. Full paid NFPA/ANSI standards and state/local amendments were not reviewed. Check actual equipment, jurisdiction and project requirements before use.
Select task-appropriate eye, hand, foot, skin and hearing protection from the exposure assessment. Where respiratory protection is necessary, use the applicable respiratory-protection program; PPE does not replace isolation, guarding, support or ventilation.
3. Eight-stage JSA
| Job stage | Hazards and effects | Failure factors | Controls | Site verification | P | S | R | A |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Match wood and cutter | 1. Bit breakup2. Material kick3. Hidden metal strike4. Wrong edge profile | 1. Speed/material mismatched2. Cracks ignored3. Nails missed4. Cut line unclear | 1. Match bit and router limits2. Inspect wood defects3. Check foreign objects4. Define permitted edge cut | 1. Material/cut line2. Bit and model data3. Defect/metal check4. Cut limits | ||||
| 2. Isolate and mount | 1. Unexpected rotation2. Bit ejection3. Collet damage4. Wrong accessory | 1. Connected during change2. Shank/collet mismatch3. Dirty/worn collet4. Insertion improvised | 1. Disconnect power first2. Match exact collet/shank3. Inspect clean sound parts4. Follow mounting instructions | 1. Power-separated state2. Bit/collet fit3. Condition/secure mounting4. Instruction reference | ||||
| 3. Clamp and guide | 1. Tool self-feeds2. Workpiece flies3. Base tips4. Clamp collision | 1. Wood held by hand2. Fixture loose3. Narrow end support4. Path not checked | 1. Secure wood and guide2. Verify stable full-path support3. Check route without power4. Keep clamps clear of cutter/base | 1. Clamp security2. Guide/base support3. Complete travel route4. Interference check | ||||
| 4. Set and start | 1. Startup twist2. Flying chips3. Dust exposure4. Cutter grabs wood | 1. Bit touches at startup2. Setting unlocked3. Capture absent4. Cut too deep | 1. Set permitted speed/depth2. Lock adjustments3. Start with bit clearance4. Use capture and two-hand control | 1. Setting basis/locks2. Start position3. Stop control/capture4. Bit/work clearance | ||||
| 5. Feed external edge | 1. Self-feeding pull2. Hand contact3. Bit overload4. Burned wood | 1. Wrong direction2. One hand leaves grip3. Excess single pass4. Dull bit/poor feed | 1. Follow marked opposing feed2. Maintain two-hand control3. Use permitted staged cuts4. Stop abnormal loading | 1. Direction/contact edge2. Grip/base/guide3. Load and cut size4. Burning/chatter signs | ||||
| 6. Stop and park | 1. Coasting-bit contact2. Tool walks on bench3. Cable snag4. Hot-bit burn | 1. Tool set down early2. Unstable rest3. Lead across path4. Bit handled hot | 1. Maintain control to standstill2. Use stable parking position3. Keep lead clear4. Allow safe cooling | 1. Complete bit stop2. Parking surface3. Cable route4. Residual heat | ||||
| 7. Hold pull or vibration | 1. Repeat loss of control2. Bit fragments3. Fixture movement4. Unresolved restart | 1. Vibration ignored2. Only nut retightened3. Guide fault missed4. Trial reused | 1. Stop and disconnect2. Check bit/collet damage3. Review feed and fixture4. Verify corrected full route | 1. Fault section/damage2. Collet/bit findings3. Guide/direction review4. Corrected setup trial | ||||
| 8. Clean and transfer | 1. Cutter contact2. Dust exposure3. Wrong copied setting4. Defect reused | 1. Cleaning while connected2. Chips blown at people3. New wood assumed same4. Damaged bit retained | 1. Disconnect and verify stop2. Use approved chip collection3. Identify setting limits4. Segregate defective cutter | 1. Tool/chip recovery2. Bit and power state3. Material-specific settings4. Restrictions and receiver |
Actual risk assessments, measurements, checks, approvals and signatures have not been performed. Keep unverified fields blank and link the actual site records. P/S/R/A mean likelihood, severity, site-method risk and site-defined acceptance/authorization; a score cannot waive a required control.
4. Failure mechanisms and hypothetical case
The retained illustration is an AI-generated educational image from the Korean source. It is not an actual incident photograph, approved drawing, equipment certification or proof that the depicted arrangement is safe.
Mark the start, travel direction and clamp positions together. The intended handheld feed opposes the cutting action at the contact point, avoiding a self-feeding climb cut. Reorienting the workpiece changes the route; do not apply a router-table direction rule to a handheld setup.
A shank fitting into a collet is not enough: match exact size, condition, insertion and tightening instructions, permissible cutter and speed. No generic tightening torque or insertion length is supplied.
Check the entire guided path with power separated before starting, including the last corner. If a clamp obstructs the base, stop and redesign the fixture; one-handed lifting of the router defeats the planned support.
Depth, feed and speed depend on bit, material and cut size. Use permitted staged cuts and stop abnormal load or burning to investigate; copying a prior setting is not authorization for a new workpiece.
Hypothetical decision example
Hypothetical example: a test piece cuts well, but a clamp blocks the router base near the end of the production edge. The operator proposes lifting one side and finishing one-handed. Stop, disconnect and revise the fixture and full-path support.
The example is fictional; no incident, measurement, inspection or approval is asserted.
Task flow: Match wood and cutter → Isolate and mount → Clamp and guide → Set and start → Feed external edge → Stop and park → Hold pull or vibration → Clean and transfer
5. Hold and proceed decisions
| Condition | Action | Evidence | Proceed when |
|---|---|---|---|
| Collet mismatch | Do not start | Exact bit/collet compatibility | Fit verified |
| Clamp blocks base | Stop and redesign fixture | Unpowered full-path check | Path supported |
| Self-feeding or chatter | Stop and disconnect | Direction, depth, bit and guide review | Cause corrected |
| New material | Review settings and fixation | Material-specific plan and trial | New setup accepted |
Similar observation, different conclusion
| Observation | Supported conclusion | What remains unresolved |
|---|---|---|
| Shank enters collet | It can be inserted | Exact fit and secure mounting unverified |
| Test piece looks good | That test cut succeeded | Production clamps and end support unresolved |
6. Roles and supervision
| Role | Responsibility |
|---|---|
| Work supervisor | Coordinate match wood and cutter, affected operations, stop signals and stage transitions. |
| Technical/equipment reviewer | Verify Material/cut line, Bit and model data, actual instructions and unresolved technical limits. |
| Task crew | Apply the stated controls, report changes and keep actual checks and signatures factual. |
| Inspector/test lead | Connect Complete bit stop, Parking surface to the required acceptance criteria. |
| Receiving authority | Accept the recorded restrictions, Material-specific settings, Restrictions and receiver, and follow-up ownership. |
These are responsibility examples, not invented statutory credentials. Verify actual competence, training and authority for the assigned work.
Supervision and handover controls
| Stage | Management controls | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Plan review | 1. Assign technical owner2. Close task-specific questions3. Match bit and router limits | 1. Material/cut line2. Bit and model data3. Cut limits |
| Competence | 1. Verify required competence2. Assign stop authority3. Disconnect power first | 1. Power-separated state2. Training and task briefing3. Instruction reference |
| Prestart evidence | 1. Inspect actual equipment2. Link evidence to this stage3. Set permitted speed/depth | 1. Setting basis/locks2. Start position3. Bit/work clearance |
| Change control | 1. Stop and secure the area2. Review affected controls3. Stop and disconnect | 1. Fault section/damage2. Collet/bit findings3. Corrected setup trial |
| Shift handover | 1. Identify remaining restrictions2. Confirm receiving responsibility3. Disconnect and verify stop | 1. Tool/chip recovery2. Bit and power state3. Restrictions and receiver |
| Closeout | 1. Record defect disposition2. Archive factual evidence3. Disconnect and verify stop | 1. Tool/chip recovery2. Bit and power state3. Restrictions and receiver |
7. Hold points and record quality
| Hold point | Evidence before release | Actual record |
|---|---|---|
| HP-0 Start | Form external edges of securely clamped wood using a two-handled portable router, suitable bit/collet and a compatible guide with continuous base support. | |
| HP-1 Isolate and mount | Power-separated state; Bit/collet fit; Condition/secure mounting; Instruction reference | |
| HP-2 Set and start | Setting basis/locks; Start position; Stop control/capture; Bit/work clearance | |
| HP-3 Hold pull or vibration | Fault section/damage; Collet/bit findings; Guide/direction review; Corrected setup trial | |
| HP-4 Clean and transfer | Tool/chip recovery; Bit and power state; Material-specific settings; Restrictions and receiver |
Hold points are internal evidence gates. They do not establish that a statutory permit exists or has been approved. Recheck affected gates after changes, faults and shift handover.
Record comparison - hypothetical templates
The 16 boxes below identify record elements, not completed checks or approvals. They are static symbols. Link equipment/location, date, actual findings and the separate record reference; preserve unresolved items.
| Record | Insufficient entry | Required record elements |
|---|---|---|
| Match wood and cutter | "Checked" without supporting facts | □ Material/cut line□ Bit and model data□ Defect/metal check□ Cut limits |
| Clamp and guide | "Checked" without supporting facts | □ Clamp security□ Guide/base support□ Complete travel route□ Interference check |
| Feed external edge | "Checked" without supporting facts | □ Direction/contact edge□ Grip/base/guide□ Load and cut size□ Burning/chatter signs |
| Hold pull or vibration | "Checked" without supporting facts | □ Fault section/damage□ Collet/bit findings□ Guide/direction review□ Corrected setup trial |
8. Pre-work checks and emergency response
| Check required | Result | Checker/action |
|---|---|---|
| Match wood and cutter: Material/cut line | ||
| Isolate and mount: Power-separated state | ||
| Clamp and guide: Clamp security | ||
| Set and start: Setting basis/locks | ||
| Feed external edge: Direction/contact edge | ||
| Stop and park: Complete bit stop | ||
| Hold pull or vibration: Fault section/damage | ||
| Clean and transfer: Tool/chip recovery |
Stop work
Hold for uncertain bit speed/collet fit, insecure work, inadequate base support or clamp interference. Stop for self-feeding, a moving guide, loosening bit, vibration or burning; separate power before adjusting.
Emergency response
Stop while maintaining control of the router and keep hands clear until the bit stops. Control the power source before approaching a trapped part or making an adjustment. For severe cuts, flying-bit injury, electrical injury or fire, activate the site response and call 911 as needed; provide the router, bit, location and power state. Do not catch an ejected part, touch a coasting cutter or restart to free material.
9. Official sources and review limits
Official public-source check: October 12, 2026. The review concerns the selected passages described below, not endorsement of this article.
| Official source | Checked scope and limit |
|---|---|
| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.243 | Paragraph (a)(2)(iii) permits specified router on/off controls; verify appropriate tool/electrical/guarding requirements for the actual work. |
| Bosch US 1617/1618 router instructions | Document 2610051825, May 2018, selected English handheld safety, collet, two-hand control and feeding passages. Historical model example linked by current US product page; table-router sections are outside this scope. |
| OSHA State Plans | Federal baseline and State Plan coverage reviewed. Confirm the applicable state program and employer coverage; this edition does not establish nationwide compliance. |
Selected public official provisions were checked on October 12, 2026. This is not a complete legal audit. No actual equipment manual, site measurements, engineering calculations, product certification or professional technical approval was supplied. Full paid NFPA/ANSI standards and state/local amendments were not reviewed. Check actual equipment, jurisdiction and project requirements before use.
This is reference content written and revised with AI. It has not been verified or approved by a professional. Review by a suitably qualified professional and required site authorization are necessary before use.
10. PDF use and frequently asked questions
PDF A summarizes core controls; B emphasizes technical failures; C covers supervision, records and handover. Each uses six stages from or aligned with the eight-stage body. All actual risk, measurement, check and signature fields are blank. Use a separate linked record where more space is needed.
Can someone hold the wood?
No. Secure it with a suitable fixture or clamps while preserving the entire base path.
Is feed always counterclockwise?
Use the actual bit rotation and contact edge with the handheld instructions. Inside cuts and table-mounted routers differ.
Can the tool be set down while coasting?
Maintain control until the bit fully stops, then place it in the planned stable position.
Does a positive on/off switch mean the router is defective?
No. The OSHA router control provision permits specified positive on/off controls. Verify the actual designed control works and remains accessible.
Has a professional approved this JSA?
This is reference content written and revised with AI. It has not been verified or approved by a professional. Review by a suitably qualified professional and required site authorization are necessary before use.
11. Authorship and revision history
This is reference content written and revised with AI. It has not been verified or approved by a professional. Review by a suitably qualified professional and required site authorization are necessary before use.
| Date/version | Editorial history | Technical approval |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-09-26 | Korean source retained as an unchanged snapshot; source ID 75ff5518-37ab-455c-98be-8bad3e7da418 | Not asserted |
| 2026-10-12 / US v1.0 | US localization: Retains Korean external-edge/two-hand scope, whole-path fixture test and end-clamp case. Uses the US Bosch handheld manual example instead of transferring Korean-model dimensions, and accurately distinguishes OSHA router control options from other power tools. | Not performed |
Source topic: https://smartjsabridge.com/ko/case-study/jsa-hand-router-wood-edge
Content group: jsa-hand-router-wood-edge